今天我们来聊一聊英语论文第一句该如何写的问题。小编之前在阅读文献时，通常不会刻意关注文章的首句话，可是在自己写论文的历程中却发现文章的开头并欠好写，真是应了那句“万事开头难”。
该如何写英文论文的第一句话呢?为此，我们随机抽取了学术语料库中航空航天学科子库里的50篇期刊文章，摘取了其中的文章首句，做一个简朴的文天职析。经由视察，我们发现，抽取的样本根据其表达的功效，基本可以分为四类，即“声称中心职位”、“评述以往研究”、“归纳综合研究话题”和“提出存在的问题”(Swales 1990)。1. 声称中心职位，20例(40%)这一类例句主要强调研究话题在研究领域中的中心职位，或其重要性、优点或须要性，指出将要报道的研究是有意义的、重要的或者已被认为是研究领域内的主要话题。主要例子有：[1] Structural damage detection and health monitoring is very important in many applications.[2] Combustion noise can make a significant contribution to overall turbofan engine noise at low-power settings, , which are typical of approach flight.[3] Research on flow control has been one of the major topics in fluid mechanics in the past couple of decades.[4] Surface flow visualization is useful for understanding flow in many applications and can be used to complement and validate computational studies of complex flow.可用的序列有，xxx be important, xxx play an important/a significant role in, xxx be of particular interest等.2. 评述以往同类研究，15例(30%)这类例子大多回首某一研究话题或领域的已有研究或多年来的研究希望。
例如：[5] Over the last number of decades, a multitude of research efforts have been directed toward understanding the physical mechanisms, or at least the surrounding factors, behind the appearance of symptoms typically associated with nonlinear axial combustion instability in solid-propellant rocket motors (SRMs).[6] The effects of applying an electric field on a flame have been studied since the early 1800s(1) when Brande noticed an effect on the heat and mass transfer of a diffusion flame between electrodes, which was then later verified in 1931 by Lewis (2).此外，这一分类里的大部门例子都使用现在完成时。供参考的短语序列有，xxx has/have been studied, previous/recent studies show/have shown, it has been shown等。
3. 归纳综合研究话题，14例(28%)在收集的样本中，“归纳综合研究话题”主要指归纳综合或陈述某一研究领域/话题的特征或客观事实。这一类例句中，文章作者大多凭据详细的研究话题组织句子，因而并没有典型的句式。[7] Many flows of technological interest occur at high Reynolds number and are often characterized.[8] The Hill–Clohessy–Wiltshire (HCW) equations describe the relative motion of a chaser with respect to a target while both vehicles orbit a central gravitational source.4. 提出当前研究中存在的问题，1例(2%)只有一例在文章第一句便指出某一技术所存在的问题，见[9]：[9] Airborne propagation of directed energy suffers consequences including reduced range, precision, and overall effectiveness, due to the interaction with varying refractive indices within the fluid medium through which it is propagated (1–3).简朴总结一下，在我们所收集的50篇文章中，有40%的文章在开篇第一句强调研究话题/领域的重要性、优点或说明已成为研究焦点;30%的文章首句旨在回首或评述以往同类研究;28%的文章在第一句中客观归纳综合或陈述研究话题的特性;仅有2%，即1篇文章在首句中指出某一技术存在的问题。
这一数据也说明，我们可以凭据自己的研究话题，运用多种形式，灵活组织文章首句的句式和内容。鉴于样本数量有限，以上内容只是抛砖引玉，仅供参考。我们还建议列位小同伴在阅读文献的历程中注意积累和总结，看一看自己专业领域内的期刊文章，是以何种形式撰写文章首句。
如此一来，可以在自己写论文时举行模拟。究竟，好的开始是乐成的一半嘛。
参考文献：Swales, J. (1990). Genre Analysis: English in Academic and Research Settings. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.推荐阅读：《结业论文撰写要求与规范》《 论文查重需要特别注意的细节》《 大学结业论文到底该怎么写？ 》。
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